Systematic review maps cellular senescence regulatory network and emerging theranostic approaches

This systematic review examines the molecular mechanisms orchestrating cellular senescence, including the p53/p21 and p16/RB pathways, mitochondrial stress, and SASP programs, and how these are altered across cancer, metabolic, skeletal, and degenerative diseases. The authors discuss emerging theranostic strategies combining detection and intervention—such as enzyme-activatable prodrugs targeting senescence markers, smart nanocarriers, and engineered immune cells—alongside new methods for quantifying senescent burden in vivo.