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- Research review· Journal of drug targeting
Review of senescence-associated extracellular vesicles in skin aging and potential therapeutic approaches.
This is a review article examining the role of senescence-associated extracellular vesicles (SA-EVs) in skin aging and dysfunction. The authors describe how SA-EVs are secreted by senescent cells and carry proinflammatory cargo that promotes further senescence, impairs wound healing, and contributes to chronic wounds, diabetic ulcers, scarring, and skin aging. The review discusses potential therapeutic approaches including senolytics, senomorphics, stem cell-derived EVs, and biomaterial-assisted systems.
Evidence assessment pending · SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Read the study · Journal of drug targeting ↗ - Research review· Progress in neurobiology
Systematic review of sex and age differences in ischemic stroke molecular pathology and therapeutic response
This systematic review examined how biological sex and aging shape molecular mechanisms in ischemic stroke, emphasizing sex-specific cell death pathways, mitochondrial dysfunction, and NAD+-sirtuin signaling. The authors describe how premenopausal females show caspase-dependent apoptosis while males exhibit PARP-1-mediated parthanatos, and how postmenopausal females lose neuroprotective advantages due to estrogen receptor changes and mitochondrial decay. The review proposes precision medicine approaches including ER-alpha modulators, NAD+ precursors, and senolytic combinations tailored to sex and reproductive stage.
Evidence assessment pending · SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Read the study · Progress in neurobiology ↗ - Research review· International reviews of immunology
Systematic review describes nutritional interventions, including omega-3s, as potential modulators of aging-related immune dysfunction.
This systematic review examines how nutritional interventions—including bioactive compounds, essential nutrients, and functional foods—might modulate immune system aging (immunosenescence) and its effects on organ function. The authors propose an "immune-organ axis" framework linking immune dysregulation to organ-specific dysfunction in conditions like neurodegeneration and chronic inflammation. The review highlights antioxidants from sources like fish oil, berries, turmeric, and algae as potentially beneficial, while noting that bioactive compounds face absorption and stability challenges.
Evidence assessment pending · SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Read the study · International reviews of immunology ↗ - Research review· Growth hormone & IGF research : official journal of the Growth Hormone Research Society and the International IGF Research Society
Systematic review describes growth hormone receptor signaling mechanisms and Laron syndrome as a model of GH deficiency effects.
This systematic review examines the growth hormone-IGF-I axis and its role in growth, metabolism, and tissue homeostasis. The review synthesizes knowledge of growth hormone receptor structure, signal transduction pathways (JAK2-STAT5, MAPK/ERK, PI3K-AKT-mTOR), and discusses Laron syndrome—a condition of lifelong GHR deficiency—as a human model showing that GH deficiency associates with short stature but also enhanced insulin sensitivity, preserved glucose homeostasis, increased adiposity, and low cancer incidence.
Evidence assessment pending · SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Read the study · Growth hormone & IGF research : official journal of the Growth Hormone Research Society and the International IGF Research Society ↗ - Research review· Frontiers in immunology
Review discusses mechanisms of sarcopenia and potential therapeutic targets in the aging muscle microenvironment.
This is a review article that synthesizes evidence on the pathophysiology of sarcopenia, focusing on early changes in the muscle microenvironment rather than end-stage myofiber atrophy. The authors identify key mechanisms including dysregulated immunity, cellular senescence, satellite cell dysfunction, mitochondrial dysfunction, and impaired proteostasis. The review proposes that targeting these early alterations through exercise, nutrition, anti-inflammatory strategies, senescent cell clearance, and mitochondrial support may offer more effective therapeutic approaches than interventions addressing only late-stage muscle loss.
Evidence assessment pending · SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Read the study · Frontiers in immunology ↗ - Laboratory research· Frontiers in medicine
Narrative review describes necroptosis-senescence pathway in kidney fibrosis with preclinical but untranslated senolytic evidence.
This narrative review synthesized peer-reviewed literature on necroptosis, cellular senescence, and renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis, searching PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase through July 2026. The authors describe a proposed mechanistic continuum where mitochondrial DNA released from necroptotic tubular cells drives glycolytic reprogramming and a senescence-associated secretory phenotype that amplifies fibrosis. Senolytics are mentioned among existing targeted strategies showing "preclinical efficacy" but the review does not report actual senolytic trial data, effect sizes, or clinical translation success.
Evidence assessment pending · SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Read the study · Frontiers in medicine ↗ - Research review· Frontiers in immunology
Systematic review finds extracellular vesicles may modulate inflammation and support cartilage repair in osteoarthritis.
This systematic review examined how extracellular vesicles (EVs)—small membrane-enclosed particles carrying cellular cargo—influence osteoarthritis pathology and potential treatment. The authors describe a "pathological EV cycle" in which EVs from inflammatory cells drive cartilage degradation and bone remodeling, while EVs from therapeutic cells like mesenchymal stromal cells may suppress inflammation and promote tissue repair. The review identifies engineering improvements in EV delivery and potency but notes significant limitations in translating this approach to clinical use.
Evidence assessment pending · SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Read the study · Frontiers in immunology ↗ - Animal research· Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.)
SIRT6 activator MDL-800 reduced osteoarthritis severity in aging mice given monthly injections.
Male mice aged 18 months received weekly intraperitoneal injections of MDL-800 (a SIRT6 activator) or vehicle for 6 months, then were assessed for osteoarthritis at 24 months. MDL-800-treated mice showed less cartilage damage, osteophyte formation, bone sclerosis, and meniscal ossification compared to controls. Mechanistic studies in cultured human chondrocytes showed MDL-800 suppressed catabolic signaling pathways and reduced DNA damage.
Evidence assessment pending · ANIMAL
Read the study · Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) ↗ - Animal research· Frontiers in immunology
Systematic review finds platelet factor 4 modulates cognitive, immune, and hematopoietic aging through multiple signaling pathways.
This systematic review examined evidence for platelet factor 4 (PF4) in age-related dysfunction across cognitive, immune, and hematopoietic systems. The authors report that PF4 engages CXCR3 and LDLR receptors to activate downstream signaling, with reported effects including reduced hippocampal neuroinflammation, enhanced synaptic plasticity, restored T-cell balance, and preserved hematopoietic stem cell function in aging. Clinical observational studies identified correlations between circulating PF4 levels and conditions including Alzheimer's disease, sarcopenia, stroke, and coronary artery disease.
Evidence assessment pending · SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Read the study · Frontiers in immunology ↗ - Observational study· Neuropsychobiology
Emotional neglect trauma associated with lower Klotho and cognitive deficits in adolescents with mood disorders: observational study.
This observational study enrolled 95 adolescents with bipolar or major depressive disorder and 45 healthy controls, identifying three trauma-based subgroups through cluster analysis. Adolescents in the emotional neglect-focused trauma group had lower serum Klotho levels, higher MMP-9 levels, and worse performance on working memory and executive function tests compared to other groups and controls.
Evidence assessment pending · OBSERVATIONAL
Read the study · Neuropsychobiology ↗ - Research review· Journal of cellular and molecular medicine
Systematic review examines molecular mechanisms of skin aging and therapeutic approaches including stem cell therapy.
This is a narrative review that describes the phenotypes and mechanisms of skin aging, including reduced regenerative capacity, chronic inflammation, impaired barrier function, oxidative stress, DNA damage, and epigenetic alterations. The authors evaluate recent research on pharmacological interventions and stem cell therapy for mitigating skin aging, along with delivery systems for natural compounds and the potential of AI in drug discovery. No specific efficacy data or effect sizes for stem cell therapy are reported.
Evidence assessment pending · SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Read the study · Journal of cellular and molecular medicine ↗ - Laboratory research· International journal of food science
Curcumin reduced oxidative stress and promoted neural differentiation in cultured stem cells in vitro.
This in vitro study tested curcumin's effects on C17.2 neural stem cells exposed to oxidative stress. Curcumin-treated cells showed improved survival, reduced reactive oxygen species levels, enhanced antioxidant markers, and promoted differentiation into neurons and astrocytes, with apparent involvement of the Wnt3α/β-catenin/Cyclin D1 signaling pathway.
Evidence assessment pending · IN VITRO
Read the study · International journal of food science ↗ - Observational study· Medicine
Higher diet quality associated with lower odds of accelerated biological aging in observational study.
This cross-sectional analysis of 12,511 U.S. adults from NHANES 2005-2010 examined whether diet quality, measured by the Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015), was associated with phenotypic age acceleration derived from 9 clinical biomarkers. Each 1-point increase in HEI-2015 was associated with lower odds of accelerated aging (OR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.97-0.98). Mediation analysis found that approximately 29% of this association was mediated through body shape indices, particularly waist-to-height ratio and Body Roundness Index.
Evidence assessment pending · OBSERVATIONAL
Read the study · Medicine ↗ - Research paper· Neuron
Partial cellular reprogramming via miR-10a-5p-γCaMKII axis linked to cognitive decline in female midlife in preclinical models.
This preclinical study investigated senescence-associated features in middle-aged female mice and human tissues, identifying an epigenetic upregulation of RBMX that increases splenic miR-10a-5p levels. The researchers found that miR-10a-5p can cross from the periphery to the brain, where it represses γCaMKII, influencing mitochondrial function, cellular senescence, and memory performance. In neurons from Alzheimer's disease patients and in model mice, inhibition of miR-10a-5p attenuated disease-associated phenotypes.
Evidence assessment pending · PRECLINICAL
Read the study · Neuron ↗ - Observational study· British dental journal
Metformin and azithromycin lower acquisition costs than amoxicillin-metronidazole for periodontitis: cost analysis
This observational cost comparison analysed 445 antibiotic prescriptions for periodontitis at a UK dental hospital between 2021-2024. Azithromycin reduced acquisition costs by 55% compared to guideline-recommended amoxicillin plus metronidazole (£2.81 per course). Non-antimicrobial adjuncts including metformin 500 mg achieved up to 91% cost reductions depending on treatment duration.
Evidence assessment pending · OBSERVATIONAL
Read the study · British dental journal ↗ - Research paper· Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG
USP22 protein reduces senescence in bone marrow stem cells exposed to oxidative stress in vitro
This in vitro study examined how USP22 affects bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) exposed to hydrogen peroxide to simulate oxidative stress. Researchers found that USP22 stabilized the SPI1 protein through deubiquitination, which increased NAMPT expression and NAD+ levels, reducing cellular senescence markers and preserving the cells' capacity to differentiate into bone tissue.
Evidence assessment pending · IN VITRO
Read the study · Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG ↗ - Laboratory research· npj aging
Cell imaging and RNA sequencing characterize senolytic effects in cultured senescent cells.
This in vitro study used high-content cell imaging and transcriptomics to characterize senescence mechanisms and distinguish between replicative and chemically induced senescence, as well as differentiate senescence from quiescence. The authors also characterized how senolytics respond in this system.
Evidence assessment pending · IN VITRO
Read the study · npj aging ↗ - Research review· Nutrients
Systematic review identifies dysbiosis mechanisms but no clinical evidence for dietary interventions in cancer survivor cognition.
This systematized narrative review synthesized evidence from in vivo models and observational studies on how cancer therapies damage the gut microbiome and how dietary patterns may influence long-term neurocognitive outcomes in adolescent and young adult survivors of childhood cancer. The authors propose that chemotherapy-induced dysbiosis leads to reduced short-chain fatty acid production and intestinal barrier dysfunction, driving neuroinflammation and cognitive deficits, and that anti-inflammatory diets such as MIND and postbiotics show "measurable restorative potential." However, the review found no completed randomized controlled trials testing these interventions in cancer survivors.
Evidence assessment pending · SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Read the study · Nutrients ↗ - Animal research· Signal transduction and targeted therapy
Hepassocin prevents age-related liver senescence in mice via AMPK activation.
This preclinical study examined how Hepassocin (HPS), a hepatokine, affects liver aging and regeneration in mice. Aged HPS-knockout mice showed increased cellular senescence, impaired autophagy, and severely compromised liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy, with these deficits reversible by AMPK activation. The authors identified a signaling pathway (ANXA2-ERK-p90RSK-LKB1) through which HPS activates AMPK, and demonstrated that exogenous HPS improved regenerative outcomes in aged wild-type mice.
Evidence assessment pending · ANIMAL
Read the study · Signal transduction and targeted therapy ↗ - Observational study· The journal of nutrition, health & aging
Epigenetic age acceleration associated with increased pancreatic disease risk in UK Biobank cohort
In 326,873 UK Biobank participants, two measures of biological age acceleration (KDMAgeAccel and PhenoAgeAccel) were associated with increased risk of pancreatic diseases. The highest acceleration group (G4) had 1.7–3.6 times higher hazard ratios across pancreatic outcomes compared to the lowest group (G1), with the strongest associations for chronic pancreatitis (HR 3.551). Circulating lipid biomarkers partially mediated these associations, accounting for 6–9% of the effect.
Evidence assessment pending · COHORT
Read the study · The journal of nutrition, health & aging ↗ - Observational study· Health science reports
Epigenetic aging measures associated with higher mortality in breast cancer cohort study
This cohort study of 399 breast cancer patients from NHANES (1999-2020) examined whether three biological age indicators—calculated from 12 blood-based biomarkers—predicted all-cause mortality over a median 6.67-year follow-up. During this period, 144 deaths occurred. All three measures showed associations with increased mortality: Homeostatic Dysregulation (HR=1.465), Klemera-Doubal Method (HR=1.017), and Phenotypic Age (HR=1.080). Homeostatic Dysregulation performed better for short-term prediction while Phenotypic Age showed better efficacy for longer-term prediction.
Evidence assessment pending · COHORT
Read the study · Health science reports ↗ - Research review· Cardiac failure review
Meta-analysis estimates combined effect of quintuple heart failure therapy reduces cardiovascular death or HF hospitalisation
A cross-trial aggregate-data meta-analysis combined hazard ratios from six Phase III randomised trials to estimate the effect of quintuple disease-modifying therapy (including ACE inhibitors/ARBs, beta-blockers, aldosterone antagonists, SGLT2 inhibitors, and vericiguat) versus conventional therapy in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. The imputed combined effect showed HR 0.34 (95% CI 0.27–0.42) for cardiovascular death or first heart failure hospitalisation, HR 0.31 for first HF hospitalisation alone, HR 0.47 for cardiovascular death alone, and HR 0.51 for all-cause mortality.
Evidence assessment pending · META ANALYSIS
Read the study · Cardiac failure review ↗ - Observational study· Translational psychiatry
Healthy lifestyle associated with longer telomeres in severe mental disorders, observational study of 410 patients
This observational study of 410 individuals with schizophrenia spectrum or affective disorders examined whether lifestyle factors were associated with telomere length, a marker of cellular ageing. Participants reporting healthy lifestyles had significantly longer telomeres than those reporting unhealthy lifestyles (Cohen's d = 0.58, p = 0.004), with an apparent dose-response relationship between increasing unhealthy behaviours and shorter telomeres (p = 0.02). The observed difference corresponded to approximately 6 years of biological age.
Evidence assessment pending · OBSERVATIONAL
Read the study · Translational psychiatry ↗ - Observational study· Journal of behavioral medicine
Threat-related early adversity associated with impaired danger-safety discrimination in adolescents
This observational study of 168 youth examined whether different types of early life adversity (threat vs. deprivation) were associated with fear responses and accelerated biological aging. Threat-related adversity was associated with impaired discrimination between danger and safety cues during fear conditioning and with greater left amygdala activation to negative stimuli. However, the study found no evidence that fear responses explained the link between threat and accelerated biological aging (advanced puberty or epigenetic age).
Evidence assessment pending · OBSERVATIONAL
Read the study · Journal of behavioral medicine ↗ - Research paper· Tobacco induced diseases
Rapamycin reversed cigarette smoke-induced autophagy impairment in rat lung cells and human cell cultures.
A preclinical study exposed rats to cigarette smoke for 8 weeks and treated human bronchial epithelial cells with cigarette smoke extract to model COPD-related cellular senescence. Rapamycin (an autophagy activator) reversed impaired autophagic flux and cellular senescence markers in both in vivo and in vitro models, while the AhR antagonist CH223191 and ROS scavenger NAC similarly restored autophagy and reduced senescence.
Evidence assessment pending · PRECLINICAL
Read the study · Tobacco induced diseases ↗ - Laboratory research· Frontiers in pharmacology
Lavandula stoechas subsp. luisieri essential oil decreased senescence markers in cultured skin fibroblasts.
In vitro study testing two Lavandula essential oils on etoposide-induced senescent human skin fibroblasts. L. stoechas subsp. luisieri reduced multiple senescence markers (β-galactosidase activity, nuclear alterations, SASP secretion, cell cycle inhibitor expression, and ultrastructural changes) at concentrations as low as 6.25 μg/mL, with greater efficacy than L. pedunculata.
Evidence assessment pending · IN VITRO
Read the study · Frontiers in pharmacology ↗ - Laboratory research· Chemistry & biodiversity
Linum strictum seed oil showed α-amylase inhibition comparable to acarbose in in vitro testing.
This in vitro study characterized the fatty acid composition of Linum strictum seed oil and tested its biological activities. The oil's α-amylase inhibition reached 85.98% with an IC50 of 0.0134 mg/mL, which the authors report as comparable to acarbose. The study also found antibacterial activity against several strains, >70% biofilm inhibition against A. baumannii, and anticoagulant effects.
Evidence assessment pending · IN VITRO
Read the study · Chemistry & biodiversity ↗ - Animal research· Nature communications
HMGA1-HP1β peptide therapy extended lifespan in a mouse model of Hutchinson-Gilbert progeria syndrome
Researchers studied the HMGA1-HP1β regulatory axis in a mouse model of Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (LmnaG609G/G609G mice). They developed a peptide called UHP based on the HMGA1-HP1β binding region and found it reduced cellular senescence markers and significantly extended lifespan in the progeria mice, reportedly by stabilizing HP1β and suppressing senescence-associated secretory factors.
Evidence assessment pending · ANIMAL
Read the study · Nature communications ↗ - Animal research· Nature communications
STING inhibitor H-151 extended lifespan and reduced aging phenotypes in progeroid mice.
Researchers studied the LMNA-CK2α-STING signaling axis in aging using mouse models of progeria. Pharmacologic STING inhibition (H-151) in vivo rescued progeroid phenotypes including bone density loss and multi-tissue senescence, and extended lifespan. The authors found that controlled attenuation of STING signaling was more effective than complete STING ablation.
Evidence assessment pending · PRECLINICAL
Read the study · Nature communications ↗ - Observational study· Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences
Prolonged sedentary time with few breaks associated with higher cardiovascular mortality and CVD incidence in observational cohort.
This prospective cohort study of 89,010 UK Biobank participants with wearable accelerometer data found that prolonged sedentary time (≥10 hours/day) with infrequent breaks (<12 bouts/day) was associated with a 51.5% higher risk of all-cause mortality, 55.3% higher cardiovascular mortality risk, and 10% higher CVD incidence risk compared to the least sedentary group, during 8 years of follow-up. At age 50, this sedentary pattern was associated with loss of 2.8 years in men and 3.1 years in women of CVD-free life expectancy. More frequent interruptions to sedentary time attenuated these risks.
Evidence assessment pending · COHORT
Read the study · Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences ↗